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AJB Class 7 English - Lesson 14: The Longest Train Journey


Welcome to PoraGhar Axom! Here you will find the most accurate and complete solutions for Assam Jatiya Bidyalay Class 7 English - Lesson 14: The Longest Train Journey. In this post, we provide a line-by-line Assamese translation, word meanings, textbook Q&A, and detailed grammar exercises (Conditionals/If Clauses, Common Errors, Phrasal Verbs & Idioms) along with special Study Tips to help you score 90%+ in your exams.

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Did You Know? (āĻ•িāĻŦা āϜাāύাāύে?)

The Vivek Express, which travels from Dibrugarh in Assam to Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, is not just the longest train route in India, but the entire Indian subcontinent! It covers a massive 4,233 kilometers and passes through 8 different states over a journey of about 83 hours.

📖 Quick Chapter Overview

This chapter details the exciting summer vacation journey of Malabika and her colleague Shikha. They travel from Murkongselek in Assam all the way to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, via the famous Vivek Express. The lesson describes their 83-hour long train ride, the scenic beauty of rural India they witnessed (like the Naranarayan Setu over the Brahmaputra), their conversations about other famous trains like the Maharajas' Express, and the books they read during the journey. The chapter ends with their arrival in Kanyakumari and their visits to notable landmarks like the Vivekananda Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar Statue.

1. Lesson Text & Translation

Before you read:

Have you ever travelled a long distance by a train?
āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻŦা ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›েāύে?

Do you know which is the longest running train in India?
āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰া ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύ āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ āφāĻĒুāύি āϜাāύেāύে?

(Malabika and Shikha went to Kanyakumari last year by the Vivek Express. Given below is an extract from Malabika's experience during the journey.)
(āϝোā§ąা āĻŦāϛ⧰ āĻŽাāĻ˛ā§ąিāĻ•া āφ⧰ু āĻļিāĻ–া āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›েā§°ে āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ীāϞৈ āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ। āϤāϞāϤ āĻŽাāĻ˛ā§ąিāĻ•াā§° āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤাā§° āĻāϟা āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻš'āϞ।)

At last the long awaited summer vacation arrived.

āĻ…ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āĻĻীā§°্āϘāĻĻিāύীāϝ়া āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻ—্ā§°ীāώ্āĻŽāĻ•াāϞ⧰ āĻŦāύ্āϧ āφāĻšিāϞ।

I chose Kanyakumari as my summer destination.

āĻŽāχ āĻŽোā§° āĻ—্ā§°ীāώ্āĻŽāĻ•াāϞ⧰ āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖā§° āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ীāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ›ি āϞৈāĻ›িāϞো।

I preferred to travel by train. Train journeys are quite exciting.

āĻŽāχ ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϕ⧰াāϟো āĻĒāĻ›āύ্āĻĻ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞো। ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ ā§°োāĻŽাāĻž্āϚāϕ⧰।

I have travelled to several places in India by train and had made some of the best memories during those journeys.

āĻŽāχ āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āĻ•েāχāĻŦাāĻ–āύো āĻ াāχāϞৈ ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϕ⧰িāĻ›ো āφ⧰ু āϏেāχ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āϏ্āĻŽৃāϤি āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āϤুāϞিāĻ›ো।

It is fascinating how a train journey enhances our knowledge about cultures, regions, languages and cuisines.

ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāχ āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤি, āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ, āĻ­াāώা āφ⧰ু āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āφāĻŽাā§° āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে āϏেāϝ়া āϏঁāϚাāĻ•ৈāϝ়ে āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ়।

Another advantage of a train journey is that it gives an opportunity to interact with different people.

ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āφāύ āĻāϟা āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻš'āϞ āχ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŽāϤ āĻŦিāύিāĻŽāϝ় āϕ⧰াā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāϝ়ে।

My colleague Shikha also wished to accompany me in this journey.

āĻŽোā§° āϏāĻšāϕ⧰্āĻŽী āĻļিāĻ–াāϝ়ো āĻāχ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāϤ āĻŽোā§° āϞāĻ—āϤ āϝোā§ąাā§° āχāϚ্āĻ›া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।

So we booked two tickets for the Vivek Express.

āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āφāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāϛ⧰ āĻĻুāϟা āϟিāĻ•āϟ āĻŦুāĻ• āϕ⧰িāϞো।

We also made all the necessary arrangements for the trip.

āφāĻŽি āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ় āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻ“ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞো।

As Shikha and I are the residents of Murkongselek, a village in Dhemaji district, we had to go to Guwahati a day in advance of our Kanyakumari trip.

āϝিāĻšেāϤু āĻļিāĻ–া āφ⧰ু āĻŽāχ āϧেāĻŽাāϜি āϜিāϞাā§° āĻŽুā§°্āĻ•ংāϚেāϞেāĻ• āĻ—াঁā§ąā§° āĻŦাāϏিāύ্āĻĻা, āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āφāĻŽি āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ী āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻāĻĻিāύ āφāĻ—āϤে āĻ—ুā§ąাāĻšাāϟীāϞৈ āϝাāĻŦāϞāĻ—ীāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।

Accordingly we arrived at Guwahati by the Kamakhya-Murkongselek Lachit Express.

āϏেāχ āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি āφāĻŽি āĻ•াāĻŽাāĻ–্āϝা-āĻŽুā§°্āĻ•ংāϚেāϞেāĻ• āϞাāϚিāϤ āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›েā§°ে āĻ—ুā§ąাāĻšাāϟীāϤ āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻš'āϞো।

We spent the night in Guwahati.

āφāĻŽি ā§°াāϤিāϟো āĻ—ুā§ąাāĻšাāϟীāϤে āĻ•āϟাāϞো।

Next day we arrived at the Guwahati Railway Station with our luggage.

āĻĒিāĻ›āĻĻিāύা āφāĻŽি āφāĻŽাā§° āĻŦāϝ়-āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āϞৈ āĻ—ুā§ąাāĻšাāϟী ā§°ে'āĻ˛ā§ąে āώ্āϟেāϚāύāϤ āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻš'āϞো।

The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is a weekly express train.

āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻ—āĻĄ়-āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ› āĻāĻ–āύ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ› ā§°ে'āϞ।

It runs from Dibrugarh, Assam to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.

āχ āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻ—āĻĄ়ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ীāϞৈ āϚāϞাāϚāϞ āϕ⧰ে।

This Vivek Express was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.

āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽী āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ•াāύāύ্āĻĻā§° ā§§ā§Ģā§Ļ āϏংāĻ–্āϝāĻ• āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻŦাā§°্āώিāĻ•ী āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāχ āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ› āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।

The train takes about 83 hours to reach Kanyakumari from Dibrugarh.

ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύে āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻ—āĻĄ়ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় 83 āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϞāϝ়।

It covers a distance of 4,233 kilometres and passes through eight states in India.

āχ ā§Ē,ā§¨ā§Šā§Š āĻ•িāϞোāĻŽিāϟাā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰ে āφ⧰ু āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āφāĻ āĻ–āύ ā§°াāϜ্āϝ⧰ āĻŽাāϜেā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āĻšৈ āϝাāϝ়।

In the Indian subcontinent it holds the record of being the longest running train in terms of both distance and time.

āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĻুāϝ়োāĻĢাāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°াāχ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϕ⧰া ā§°ে'āϞ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­িāϞেāĻ– āφāĻ›ে।

The train has 56 halts across its route.

ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύ⧰ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāĻĒāĻĨāϤ ā§Ģā§Ŧ āϟা āφāϏ্āĻĨাāύ (halt) āφāĻ›ে।

It passes through Assam, Nagaland, West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

āχ āĻ…āϏāĻŽ, āύাāĻ—াāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ, āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽāĻŦংāĻ—, āĻŦিāĻšাā§°, āĻ“āĻĄ়িāĻļা, āĻ…āύ্āϧ্ā§°āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻেāĻļ, āĻ•েā§°াāϞা āφ⧰ু āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻŽাāϜেā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āĻšāϝ়।

When we reached the Guwahati Railway Station to board the Vivek Express, it presented a scene of confusion.

āφāĻŽি āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āωāĻ িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ—ুā§ąাāĻšাāϟী ā§°ে'āĻ˛ā§ąে āώ্āϟেāϚāύ āĻĒাāĻ“ঁ, āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāϤ āĻāĻ• āĻšুāϞāϏ্āĻĨূāϞীāϝ়া āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āĻŦিā§°াāϜ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।

Besides the passengers, it was crowded with people who had come to see off their friends and relatives.

āϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āωāĻĒā§°িāĻ“, āύিāϜ⧰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু āφ⧰ু āφāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āĻ• āĻŦিāĻĻাāϝ় āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ…āĻšা āĻŽাāύুāĻšেā§°ে āχ āĻ­ā§°ি āφāĻ›িāϞ।

At 11.30 a.m. the Vivek Express arrived at the station.

ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা ā§§ā§§.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ› āώ্āϟেāϚāύ āĻĒাāϞেāĻšি।

The passengers made a great rush to board the train.

ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύāϤ āωāĻ িāĻŦāϞৈ āϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞে āĻšেāϤা-āĻ“āĻĒā§°া āϞāĻ—াāχāĻ›িāϞ।

We got into our compartment.

āφāĻŽি āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĄāĻŦাāϤ āϏোāĻŽাāϞো।

People of all communities were huddled together in the compartment.

āĻĄāĻŦাāϟোāϤ āϏāĻ•āϞো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāϝ়ā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āĻ—োāϟ āĻ–াāχ āφāĻ›িāϞ।

Some of the passengers were rude and some were polite.

āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϝাāϤ্ā§°ী āĻ…āĻ­āĻĻ্ā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻ­āĻĻ্ā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ।

At 11.45 a.m. the guard blew his whistle and waved off the green flag.

ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা ā§§ā§§.ā§Ēā§Ģ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āĻ—াā§°্āĻĄāϜāύে āϏুāĻšুঁā§°ি āĻŦāϜাāϞে āφ⧰ু āϏেāωāϜীāϝ়া āĻĒāϤাāĻ•া āϜোāĻ•াā§°িāϞে।

The bell rang and the engine with a loud whistle glided smoothly out of the station.

āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻŦাāϜিāϞ āφ⧰ু āχāĻž্āϜিāύāϟোā§ąে āĻĄাāϙ⧰āĻ•ৈ āϏুāĻšুঁā§°ি āĻŽাā§°ি āώ্āϟেāϚāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āϞাāĻšে āϞাāĻšে āĻ“āϞাāχ āĻ—'āϞ।

At last our most awaited journey began.

āĻ…ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āφāĻŽাā§° āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻļিāϤ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻš'āϞ।

After two hours we reached Goalpara.

āĻĻুāϘāĻŖ্āϟাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āφāĻŽি āĻ—োā§ąাāϞāĻĒাā§°া āĻĒাāϞো।

We crossed the Naranarayan Setu which is over the mighty river Brahmaputra.

āφāĻŽি āĻŽāĻšাāĻŦাāĻšু āĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽāĻĒুāϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āύ⧰āύাā§°াāϝ়āĻŖ āϏেāϤু āĻĒাā§° āĻš'āϞো।

This is really a beautiful bridge.

āĻāχāĻ–āύ āϏঁāϚাāĻ•ৈāϝ়ে āĻāĻ–āύ āϧুāύীāϝ়া āĻĻāϞং।

It has double decks with a railway track on the lower deck and a road on the upper deck.

āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĻুāϟা āϤāϞা āφāĻ›ে āϝাā§° āϤāϞ⧰ āϤāϞাāϤ ā§°ে'āϞ⧰ āϞাāχāύ āφ⧰ু āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϤāϞাāϤ ā§°াāϏ্āϤা āφāĻ›ে।

At 3 p.m. we reached the New Bongaigaon Station. We had some snacks and tea there.

āφāĻŦেāϞি ā§Š āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āύিāω āĻŦāĻ™াāχāĻ—াঁāĻ“ āώ্āϟেāϚāύ āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি। āφāĻŽি āϤাāϤ āϚাāĻš āφ⧰ু āϞāϘু āφāĻšাā§° āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāϞো।

The Travelling Ticket Examiner (TTE) came around and checked our tickets.

āĻ­্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝāĻŽাāύ āϟিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώāĻ• (TTE) āφāĻšি āφāĻŽাā§° āϟিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāϞে।

At about 4.45 p.m. we reached the Alipur Duar Junction in West Bengal.

āφāĻŦেāϞি āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Ē.ā§Ēā§Ģ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽāĻŦংāĻ—ā§° āφāϞিāĻĒুā§° āĻĻুā§ąাā§° āϜংāϚāύ āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।

Since the train was passing through the countryside of different places I was overwhelmed to see the scenic beauty of rural India.

āϝিāĻšেāϤু ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻ াāχ⧰ āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽাāĻž্āϚāϞ⧰ āĻŽাāϜেā§°ে āĻ—ৈ āφāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏৌāύ্āĻĻā§°্āϝ āĻĻেāĻ–ি āĻŽāχ āφāĻĒ্āϞুāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞো।

We saw paddy fields where farmers were harvesting crops.

āφāĻŽি āϧাāύāύি āĻĒāĻĨাā§° āĻĻেāĻ–িāĻ›িāϞো āϝ'āϤ āĻ–েāϤিāϝ়āĻ•āϏāĻ•āϞে āĻļāϏ্āϝ āϚāĻĒাāχ āφāĻ›িāϞ।

Cattle were also grazing on the open meadows.

āĻŽুāĻ•āϞি āĻĒāĻĨাā§°āϤ āĻ—ā§°ু-āĻŽ'āĻšāĻŦোā§°েāĻ“ āϘাঁāĻš āĻ–াāχ āφāĻ›িāϞ।

Our train left the Alipur Duar Junction and continued its journey from state to state.

āφāĻŽাā§° ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύে āφāϞিāĻĒুā§° āĻĻুā§ąাā§° āϜংāϚāύ āĻā§°ি āĻāĻ–āύ ā§°াāϜ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āφāύ āĻāĻ–āύ ā§°াāϜ্āϝāϞৈ āύিāϜ⧰ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ ā§°াāĻ–িāϞে।

At about 8.30 p.m. we had our dinner. The food was good.

ā§°াāϤি āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Ž.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি ā§°াāϤিā§° āφāĻšাā§° āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāϞো। āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝāĻ–িāύি āĻ­াāϞ āφāĻ›িāϞ।

After dinner Shikha and I began to chat with each other about our train journeys.

ā§°াāϤিā§° āφāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻļিāĻ–া āφ⧰ু āĻŽāχ āφāĻŽাā§° ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āχāϜāύে āϏিāϜāύ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāĻŦāϞৈ āϧ⧰িāϞো।

She told me that once she along with her maternal uncle and aunt had travelled by the Maharajas' Express which is the most expensive luxury train in India.

āϤাāχ āĻŽোāĻ• āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻāĻŦাā§° āϤাāχ āĻŽোāĻŽাāϝ়েāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻŽীāϝ়েāϕ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤ āĻŽāĻšাā§°াāϜ āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϝিāĻ–āύ āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ়āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻŦিāϞাāϏী ā§°ে'āϞ।

They travelled to places like Delhi, Agra, Jaipur, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Udaipur, the Ranthambore National Park, Khajuraho, Varanasi, Lucknow, Mumbai and Aurangabad.

āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āĻĻিāϞ্āϞী, āφāĻ—্ā§°া, āϜāϝ়āĻĒুā§°, āĻŦিāĻ•াāύেā§°, āϝোāϧāĻĒুā§°, āωāĻĻāϝ়āĻĒুā§°, ā§°āĻŖāĻĨāĻŽ্āĻŦোā§° ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ীāϝ় āωāĻĻ্āϝাāύ, āĻ–াāϜুā§°াāĻšো, āĻŦাā§°াāĻŖāϏী, āϞāĻ•্āώ্āĻŖৌ, āĻŽুāĻŽ্āĻŦাāχ āφ⧰ু āϔ⧰ংāĻ—াāĻŦাāĻĻā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻ াāχāϞৈ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।

At 10 p.m. we reached New Jalpaiguri.

ā§°াāϤি ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āύিāω āϜāϞāĻĒাāχāĻ—ুā§°ি āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।

Then I told Shikha that I wanted to take rest.

āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻŽāχ āĻļিāĻ–াāĻ• āĻ•'āϞো āϝে āĻŽāχ āĻŦিāĻļ্ā§°াāĻŽ āϞ'āĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°ো।

As I was on a side lower berth, with windows open, I closed the windows and tried to sleep.

āϝিāĻšেāϤু āĻŽāχ āĻ•াāώ⧰ āϤāϞ⧰ āĻŦাā§°্āĻĨāϤ (āĻ›িāϟāϤ) āφāĻ›িāϞো āφ⧰ু āĻ–িā§°িāĻ•ীāĻŦোā§° āĻ–োāϞা āφāĻ›িāϞ, āĻŽāχ āĻ–িā§°িāĻ•ীāĻŦোā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧ āϕ⧰িāϞো āφ⧰ু āĻļুāĻŦāϞৈ āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰িāϞো।

Next day at 8 a.m. we reached Durgapur and had our breakfast.

āĻĒিāĻ›āĻĻিāύা āĻĒুā§ąা ā§Ž āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āĻĻুā§°্āĻ—াāĻĒুā§° āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি āφ⧰ু āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĒুā§ąাā§° āφāĻšাā§° āĻ–াāϞো।

After breakfast, we chatted with our co-passengers. It was real fun.

āĻĒুā§ąাā§° āφāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āφāĻŽি āφāĻŽাā§° āϏāĻšāϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāϞো। āχ āϏঁāϚাāĻ•ৈāϝ়ে āĻŦā§° āφāύāύ্āĻĻāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ।

At 4.30 p.m. we reached Cuttack. Thus we entered Odisha.

āφāĻŦেāϞি ā§Ē.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āĻ•āϟāĻ• āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি। āĻāχāĻĻā§°ে āφāĻŽি āĻ“āĻĄ়িāĻļাāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąেāĻļ āϕ⧰িāϞো।

At 5.10 p.m. we reached Bhubaneswar.

āφāĻŦেāϞি ā§Ģ.ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ āφāĻŽি āĻ­ুā§ąāύেāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।

It is the capital of Odisha and one of the largest cities of India.

āχ āĻ“āĻĄ়িāĻļাā§° ā§°াāϜāϧাāύী āφ⧰ু āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āϚāĻšā§°।

It is called the 'Temple City of India'.

āχāϝ়াāĻ• 'āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āϚāĻšā§°' āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।

That day also we had our dinner at 8.30 p.m. but this time we ordered chapati and matar-paneer in place of rice and dal.

āϏেāχāĻĻিāύাāĻ“ āφāĻŽি ā§°াāϤি ā§Ž.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ ā§°াāϤিā§° āφāĻšাā§° āĻ–াāϞো āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāχāĻŦাā§° āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻĄাāϞিā§° āϏāϞāύি ā§°ুāϟী āφ⧰ু āĻŽāϟ⧰-āĻĒāύীā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĄাā§° āϕ⧰িāϞো।

We bought some interesting novels in Cuttack.

āφāĻŽি āĻ•āϟāĻ•āϤ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻ•িāύিāĻ›িāϞো।

To get relief from the boredom of such a long journey, both of us decided to go through some of these novels.

āχāĻŽাāύ āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āφāĻŽāύিā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏāĻ•াāĻš āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ, āφāĻŽি āĻĻুāϝ়ো āĻāχ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞ'āϞো।

Two interesting novels that we bought were Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner and A Thousand Splendid Suns.

āφāĻŽি āĻ•িāύা āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻ–াāϞেāĻĻ āĻšোāϚেāχāύিā§° āĻĻ্āϝ āĻ•াāχāϟ ā§°াāύাā§° (The Kite Runner) āφ⧰ু āĻ āĻĨাāωāϜেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϏ্āĻĒ্āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄিāĻĄ āĻ›াāύāĻ› (A Thousand Splendid Suns)।

Both of us decided to read these two books.

āφāĻŽি āĻĻুāϝ়ো āĻāχ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞ'āϞো।

While going through the books we discussed the writing style and themes of the books.

āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āφāĻŽি āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒāĻ–āύ⧰ āϞিāĻ–āύāĻļৈāϞী āφ⧰ু āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞো।

In this way, after spending about 83 hours in the Vivek Express, we at last reached our destination Kanyakumari.

āĻāχāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Žā§Š āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻ•āϟোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻ…ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āφāĻŽি āφāĻŽাā§° āĻ—āύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।

Kanyakumari is a city of Tamil Nadu. We stayed there for a week in a hotel.

āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ী āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻāĻ–āύ āϚāĻšā§°। āφāĻŽি āϤাāϤ āĻāϏāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻ–āύ āĻšোāϟেāϞāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•িāϞো।

Notable landmarks of Kanyakumari are the Thiruvalluvar Statue, the Vivekananda Rock Memorial, the Gandhi Memorial Mandapam, the Tsunami Memorial Park etc.

āĻ•āύ্āϝাāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ীā§° āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–āϝোāĻ—্āϝ āϏ্āĻĨাāύāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻš'āϞ āĻĨিā§°ুā§ąāϞ্āϞুā§ąā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŽূā§°্āϤি, āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ•াāύāύ্āĻĻ ā§°āĻ• āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ, āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ āĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāĻĒāĻŽ, āĻ›ুāύাāĻŽি āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ āĻĒাā§°্āĻ• āφāĻĻি।

During our stay we visited all these landmarks.

āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĨāĻ•াā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻ›োā§ąাāϤ āφāĻŽি āĻāχ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāϞো।

We also went for shopping and bought some traditional attire, bags, show pieces etc.

āφāĻŽি āĻŦāϜাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈāĻ“ āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞো āφ⧰ু āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒā§°āĻŽ্āĻĒā§°াāĻ—āϤ āϏাāϜ-āĻĒাā§°, āĻŽোāύা, āϏāϜাāχ āĻĨোā§ąা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āφāĻĻি āĻ•িāύিāĻ›িāϞো।

After spending the week there we made our return journey.

āϤাāϤ āĻāϏāĻĒ্āϤাāĻš āĻ•āϟোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āφāĻŽি āωāĻ­āϤি āφāĻšিāϞো।

2. Word Notes (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ)

cuisine: a style of cooking (ā§°āύ্āϧāύāĻļৈāϞী)
commemorate: memorialize (āϏ্āĻŽৃāϤিāϚাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া / āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰া)
Swami Vivekananda: (12 January, 1863 – 4 July, 1902) born as Narendranath Datta, was an Indian Hindu monk, who introduced Indian philosophy to the Western world (āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽী āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ•াāύāύ্āĻĻ: āĻāϜāύ āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āĻšিāύ্āĻĻু āϏāύ্āύ্āϝাāϏী āφāĻ›িāϞ, āϝিāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽীāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ় āϕ⧰াāχ āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ)
subcontinent: a large landmass that forms part of a continent (āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ: āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া āĻāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻ­ূāĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ)
halt: to stop (ā§°োā§ąা / āφāϏ্āĻĨাāύ)
compartment: one of the separate sections of a coach on a train (āĻĄāĻŦা)
huddle: to gather closely together (āϜুāĻŽ āĻŦাāύ্āϧি āĻĨāĻ•া / āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ— āĻšোā§ąা)
deck: the roadway of a bridge (āϤāϞা / āĻĻāϞāϙ⧰ ā§°াāϏ্āϤা)
landmark: something that is officially designated and set aside for preservation (āĻĒā§°িāϚিāϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ / āϏ্āĻŽাā§°āĻ•)

3. Remember the Words (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ)

awaited: āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻļিāϤ / āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰ি āĻĨāĻ•া
vacation: āĻŦāύ্āϧ
destination: āĻ—āύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āĻĨাāύ
fascinating: āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ়
advantage: āϏুāĻŦিāϧা
opportunity: āϏুāϝোāĻ—
accompany: āϏংāĻ— āĻĻিāϝ়া
necessary: āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ়
arrangements: āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা
luggage: āĻŦāϝ়-āĻŦāϏ্āϤু
weekly: āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāĻ•
commemorate: āϏ্āĻŽৃāϤিāϚাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া
anniversary: āĻŦাā§°্āώিāĻ•ী
distance: āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ
subcontinent: āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ
passengers: āϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞ
crowded: āĻ­িā§° āĻšোā§ąা
relatives: āφāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়
compartment: āĻĄāĻŦা
community: āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāϝ়
huddled: āϜুāĻŽ āĻŦাāύ্āϧি āĻĨāĻ•া
whistle: āϏুāĻšুঁā§°ি
glided: āϞাāĻšে āϞাāĻšে āφāĻ—āĻŦāĻĸ়া
smoothly: āĻŽāϏৃāĻŖāĻ­াā§ąে
junction: āϜংāϚāύ
harvesting: āϚāĻĒোā§ąা
capital: ā§°াāϜāϧাāύী
landmarks: āĻĒā§°িāϚিāϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ
traditional: āĻĒā§°āĻŽ্āĻĒā§°াāĻ—āϤ
journey: āϝাāϤ্ā§°া

4. Comprehension Solutions

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences.

a) Q: What is the summer destination of the narrator?
Ans: The summer destination of the narrator is Kanyakumari.

b) Q: Who accompanied the narrator in her journey?
Ans: Her colleague Shikha accompanied the narrator in her journey.

c) Q: At what time did the Vivek Express arrive at the Guwahati Railway Station?
Ans: The Vivek Express arrived at the Guwahati Railway Station at 11.30 a.m.

d) Q: Name the bridge over the mighty river Brahmaputra mentioned in the lesson.
Ans: The name of the bridge over the mighty river Brahmaputra mentioned in the lesson is the Naranarayan Setu.

e) Q: Which is the most expensive luxury train in India?
Ans: The Maharajas' Express is the most expensive luxury train in India.

f) Q: Which city is called the 'Temple City of India'?
Ans: Bhubaneswar is called the 'Temple City of India'.

2. What are the landmarks of Kanyakumari?

Ans: The notable landmarks of Kanyakumari are the Thiruvalluvar Statue, the Vivekananda Rock Memorial, the Gandhi Memorial Mandapam, the Tsunami Memorial Park, etc.

3. Write about the Vivek Express.

Ans: The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is a weekly express train running from Dibrugarh, Assam to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu. It was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda. It takes about 83 hours to cover a distance of 4,233 kilometres across eight states. It holds the record of being the longest running train in the Indian subcontinent in terms of both distance and time, and it has 56 halts across its route.

4. Look at the following example and write related words.

Example: train: passengers, compartments, coach, tickets, TTE

  • station: platform, train, waiting room, ticket counter, vendor
  • journey: destination, luggage, travel, ticket, route
  • river: water, boat, bank, current, bridge
  • breakfast: morning, food, tea, snacks, bread
5. Write the different forms of degrees of the following.
  • good → better → best
  • fascinating → more fascinating → most fascinating
  • long → longer → longest
  • polite → more polite → most polite
  • great → greater → greatest
  • loud → louder → loudest
  • luxurious → more luxurious → most luxurious
  • low → lower → lowest
  • interesting → more interesting → most interesting
  • famous → more famous → most famous

5. Detailed Grammar & Usage (Conditionals)

Conditionals or If clauses (āϚ⧰্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻŦা 'If' āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ)

āĻāϟা āϚ⧰্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ⧰ āĻĻুāϟা āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĨাāĻ•ে: āĻāϟা āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ (main clause) āφ⧰ু āĻāϟা āϤāϞāϤীāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ (subordinate clause), āĻāχ āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āχāϟোā§ąে āϏিāϟোā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ে। āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨাā§Ž, āφāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟোāϤ āϝি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āϕ⧰োঁ āϏেāϝ়া āϤāϞāϤীāϝ়া 'if' (āϝāĻĻি) āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟোāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āϕ⧰া āĻ•āĻĨাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ে। āϚ⧰্āϤ āϤিāύি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĨাāĻ•ে: āĻ•) āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āϚ⧰্āϤ (Real condition) āĻ–) āĻ…āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻŦা āĻ•াāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ• āϚ⧰্āϤ (Unreal/Imaginary condition) āĻ—) āĻ…āϤীāϤāϤ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āϚ⧰্āϤ (Unfulfilled condition in the past)

a) Real Condition (āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āϚ⧰্āϤ - āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏāĻ—āϤ):

āϝāĻĻি āĻāϟা āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে āφāύāϟোāĻ“ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻš'āĻŦ।

  • i) If I have time, I will go there. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽোā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āĻŽāχ āϤাāϞৈ āϝাāĻŽ।)
  • ii) If you work hard, you will succeed. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻ•āĻ োā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰া, āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻš'āĻŦা।)
  • iii) If it rains, we shall not go out. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āφāĻŽি āĻŦাāĻšিā§°āϞৈ āύাāϝাāĻ“ঁ।)
  • iv) If you take a bath, you will feel fresh. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻ—া āϧোā§ąা, āϤুāĻŽি āϏāϤেāϜ āĻ…āύুāĻ­ā§ą āϕ⧰িāĻŦা।)
  • v) If you eat junk food, you will fall sick. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āϜাংāĻ• āĻĢুāĻĄ āĻ–োā§ąা, āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦেāĻŽাā§°āϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻŦা।)

b) Imaginary Condition (āĻ•াāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ• āϚ⧰্āϤ):

āĻāύে āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϤ 'if' (āϝāĻĻি) āϚ⧰্āϤāϟো āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύāĻšāϝ়।

  • i) If today were Saturday, it would be fun. (āϝāĻĻি āφāϜি āĻļāύিāĻŦাā§° āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŦā§° āĻŽāϜা āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
  • ii) If I were a king, I could do many things. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāχ ā§°āϜা āĻš'āϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŽāχ āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
  • iii) If I were rich, I would travel around the world. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāχ āϧāύী āĻš'āϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŽāχ āĻ—োāϟেāχ āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąী āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)

c) Unfulfilled condition (āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āϚ⧰্āϤ):

āχāϝ়াāϤ āϚ⧰্āϤāϟো āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻš'āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āύāĻš'āϞ, āĻāϤিāϝ়া āχ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻ•োāύো āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āύাāχ।

  • i) If he had studied regularly, he would have passed the examination. (āϝāĻĻি āϏি āύিāϝ়āĻŽীāϝ়াāĻ•ৈ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤেāύ্āϤে āϏি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϤ āωāϤ্āϤীā§°্āĻŖ āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
  • ii) If you had left earlier, you would have caught the train. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āϏোāύāĻ•াāϞে āĻ“āϞাāχ āĻ—āϞাāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤুāĻŽি ā§°ে'āϞāĻ–āύ āϧ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞাāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
  • iii) If the firemen hadn't arrived in time, they couldn't have saved the house. (āϝāĻĻি āĻ…āĻ—্āύিāύিā§°্āĻŦাāĻĒāĻ• āĻŦাāĻšিāύী āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻŽāϤে āύাāĻšিāϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤেāύ্āϤে āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āϘ⧰āϟো āĻŦāϚাāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
  • iv) Ramesh would have offered us coffee if he had had milk in the canteen. (ā§°āĻŽেāĻļে āφāĻŽাāĻ• āĻ•āĻĢী āĻĻিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āĻ•েāĻŖ্āϟিāύāϤ āĻ—াāĻ–ীā§° āĻĨাāĻ•িāϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)

Note: If the boy had known English, he would have written the application in English. or The boy would have written the application in English if he had known English.

(āϟোāĻ•া: āϝāĻĻি āϞ'ā§°াāϟোā§ąে āχংā§°াāϜী āϜাāύিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϏি āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻ–āύ āχংā§°াāϜীāϤ āϞিāĻ–িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ। āĻŦা āϞ'ā§°াāϟোā§ąে āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻ–āύ āχংā§°াāϜীāϤ āϞিāĻ–িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āϏি āχংā§°াāϜী āϜাāύিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)

Some other types of conditionals (āφāύ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āϚ⧰্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ):

  • • If I eat butter, I grow fat. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāχ āĻŽাāĻ–āύ āĻ–াāĻ“ঁ, āĻŽāχ āĻļāĻ•āϤ āĻšāĻ“ঁ।)
  • • If water freezes, it turns to ice. (āϝāĻĻি āĻĒাāύী āĻ—োāϟ āĻŽাā§°ে, āχ āĻŦā§°āĻĢāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝ়।)
  • • If water boils, it changes into vapour. (āϝāĻĻি āĻĒাāύী āωāϤāϞে, āχ āĻ­াāĻĒāϞৈ āϏāϞāύি āĻšāϝ়।)
  • • If you heat ice, it melts. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻ—ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰া, āχ āĻ—āϞি āϝাāϝ়।)
Activity 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
  • i) Q: If he comes, I (go) for a walk.
    Ans: If he comes, I shall go (or will go) for a walk.
  • ii) Q: If you (eat) too much, you will be ill.
    Ans: If you eat too much, you will be ill.
  • iii) Q: He (come) if you called him.
    Ans: He would come if you called him.
  • iv) Q: If he (see) you, he would speak to you.
    Ans: If he saw you, he would speak to you.
  • v) Q: If you had come, he (meet) you.
    Ans: If you had come, he would have met you.
  • vi) Q: If you (listen) to my advice, you would not have had this problem.
    Ans: If you had listened to my advice, you would not have had this problem.
  • vii) Q: My son always wakes up if he (hear) any noise.
    Ans: My son always wakes up if he hears any noise.
  • viii) Q: If they (know) him, they (talk) to him.
    Ans: If they knew him, they would talk to him.
  • ix) Q: They would understand if you (speak) to them politely.
    Ans: They would understand if you spoke to them politely.
  • x) Q: If you (see) her, please (ask) her to meet me.
    Ans: If you see her, please ask her to meet me.
  • xi) Q: If I (know) this, I (not make) such a mistake.
    Ans: If I had known this, I would not have made such a mistake.
Activity 2: Rewrite the sentences as shown in the example.
  • i) Q: I did not see him because I did not go there.
    Ans: If I had gone there I would have seen him.
  • ii) Q: I was in a hurry and so I spilled the milk.
    Ans: If I had not been in a hurry, I would not have spilled the milk.
  • iii) Q: I did not know her, so I did not talk to her.
    Ans: If I had known her, I would have talked to her.
  • iv) Q: You did not try again, so you failed.
    Ans: If you had tried again, you would not have failed.
  • v) Q: She did not have a degree, so she did not get the job.
    Ans: If she had had a degree, she would have got the job.

6. Grammar Activities (Common Errors)

Activity 3: Correct the following sentences.
  • i) Q: They have read the stories for one hour last night.
    Ans: They read the stories for one hour last night.
  • ii) Q: I am seeing a flock of birds in the sky now.
    Ans: I see a flock of birds in the sky now.
  • iii) Q: My grandmother reads Ramayana every evening.
    Ans: My grandmother reads the Ramayana every evening.
  • iv) Q: I am teaching in this college since 2015.
    Ans: I have been teaching in this college since 2015.
  • v) Q: He knows me for six years.
    Ans: He has known me for six years.
  • vi) Q: The teacher left the school before I reached.
    Ans: The teacher had left the school before I reached.
  • vii) Q: The boy is not coming from the market yet.
    Ans: The boy has not come from the market yet.

7. Phrasal Verbs & Idioms

Phrasal Verbs (āĻĢ্ā§°েāϜেāϞ āĻ­াā§°্āĻŦ)

Keep on [āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ ā§°āĻ–া / āϕ⧰িāϝ়েāχ āĻĨāĻ•া]: The children kept on shouting with delight.
(āϞ'ā§°া-āĻ›োā§ąাāϞীāĻŦোā§°ে āφāύāύ্āĻĻāϤ āϚিāĻžā§°িāϝ়েāχ āφāĻ›িāϞ।)

Look up [āĻŦিāϚাā§°ি āωāϞিāĻ“ā§ąা / āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻ•োāώāϤ]: I looked up the word in the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary.
(āĻŽāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏāĻĢā§°্āĻĄ āĻāĻĄāĻ­াāύ্āϏāĻĄ āϞ⧰্āύাā§°্āĻ› āĻĄিāĻ•āϚāύেā§°ীāϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϟো āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞো।)

Look into [āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āϕ⧰া]: The principal will look into the matter.
(āĻ…āϧ্āϝāĻ•্āώāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ীāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻĨাāϟো āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ।)

Look over [āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰া / āϚāĻ•ু āĻĢুā§°োā§ąা]: The teacher is looking over the answerscripts.
(āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•āϜāύে āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻŦāĻšীāĻŦোā§° āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে।)

Idioms (āĻĢāϕ⧰া-āϝোāϜāύা / āϜāϤুā§ąা āĻ াঁāϚ)

Beggar description [āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύাāϤীāϤ]: The beauty of the Taj Mahal beggars description.
(āϤাāϜāĻŽāĻšāϞ⧰ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻā§°্āϝ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύাāϤীāϤ āϝি āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ি।)

Bird's-eye-view [āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°িāĻ• āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ]: He took a bird's-eye-view of the flood stricken area from a helicopter.
(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻšেāϞিāĻ•āĻĒ্āϟাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦাāύāĻĒীāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϟোā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻ• āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°িāĻ• āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।)

Birds of a feather [āĻāĻ•ে āϏ্āĻŦāĻ­াā§ąā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš]: Birds of a feather flock together.
(āĻāĻ•ে āϏ্āĻŦāĻ­াā§ąā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।)

8. Writing Activity & Vocabulary

Describe the following pictures in your own words.

(a) Picture of children and grandmother in a park:

This picture shows a beautiful scene of a park where children are enjoying their time. An elderly woman, perhaps a grandmother, is sitting on a bench with two little girls. One boy is climbing a tree, another boy is running with his dog, and a little girl is riding a scooter. Everyone looks very happy and relaxed.

(b) Picture of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs:

This is a famous scene from the fairy tale 'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'. Snow White is sitting on a white horse, and a prince is standing beside her. They are waving goodbye to the seven dwarfs who are cheerfully seeing them off. There are also some cute forest animals like rabbits and squirrels watching them.

Build Up Your Vocabulary: Collective Nouns

a nest / colony / swarm of ants
a sounder of wild boars / pigs
a gang of buffaloes / robbers / thieves
a brood of chickens
a murder of crows
a memory of elephants
a gaggle of geese / ducks
a prickle of porcupines
a pack of wolves
a knot of snakes
a troop of apes
a sloth of bears
a flutter of butterflies
an intrusion of cockroaches
a convocation of eagles
a cloud of flies / bats
a tower of giraffes
a zeal / dazzle of zebras
a crash of rhinos
a muster of peacocks

9. Study Tips for Students (āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϟিāĻĒāĻ›) 📚✨

āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°-āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϚ⧰্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ⧰ (Conditionals) āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻ…āϤিā§°িāĻ•্āϤ āϟিāĻĒāĻ›:

  • ā§§. Real Condition (āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āϚ⧰্āϤ):
    āχāϝ়াāϤ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় 'If' āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…ংāĻļāϟোāϤ Present Tense (āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞ) āφ⧰ু āφāύāϟো āĻ…ংāĻļāϤ Future Tense (āϝেāύে: will/shall) āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
    āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If I have time (Present), I will go (Future) there.
  • ⧍. Imaginary Condition (āĻ•াāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ• āϚ⧰্āϤ):
    āĻāχ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ 'If' āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…ংāĻļāϟোāϤ Past Tense (āϝেāύে: were) āφ⧰ু āφāύāϟো āĻ…ংāĻļāϤ 'would' āĻŦা 'could' āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে। (āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ, āĻ•াāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϤ 'I', 'He', 'She' ā§° āϞāĻ—āϤো āϏāĻĻাāϝ় 'were' āĻŦāĻšে)।
    āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If I were (Past) a king, I could do (Could+Verb) many things.
  • ā§Š. Unfulfilled Condition (āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āϚ⧰্āϤ):
    āχāϝ়াāϤ 'If' āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…ংāĻļāϟোāϤ Past Perfect Tense (had + verb ā§° āϤৃāϤীāϝ় ā§°ূāĻĒ) āφ⧰ু āφāύāϟো āĻ…ংāĻļāϤ 'would have / could have' āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।
    āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If you had left (Past Perfect) earlier, you would have caught (Would have + V3) the train.
  • ā§Ē. Zero Conditional:
    āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻŦা āĻŦৈāϜ্āĻžাāύিāĻ• āϏāϤ্āϝ (Universal truth) āĻŦুāϜাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা āĻ…ংāĻļāϤে Present Tense āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।
    āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If you heat ice, it melts. (āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻ—ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰িāϞে āĻ—āϞি āϝাāϝ়।)

10. FAQs on the Chapter

Q. What is special about the Vivek Express?

Ans: The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is the longest running train in the Indian subcontinent in terms of both distance (4,233 km) and time (approx 83 hours). It was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.

Q. Where is the Jim Corbett National Park located, and why is it famous?

Ans: The Jim Corbett National Park is located in Uttarakhand. It is the oldest national park in India, established in 1936 to protect the endangered Bengal tigers. It was renamed in honor of the famous conservationist and author, Jim Corbett.

Q. What are Conditional sentences?

Ans: Conditional sentences (If clauses) are sentences that express a condition. They consist of a main clause and a subordinate 'if' clause. The action in the main clause happens only if the condition in the 'if' clause is fulfilled.

Final Thoughts

We hope this detailed guide on Assam Jatiya Bidyalay Class 7 English Lesson 14: The Longest Train Journey has been incredibly helpful for your studies. From the exciting travel experiences to the thorough grammar solutions on Conditionals, we have covered it all! Keep reading, stay curious, and if you have any questions, don't hesitate to leave a comment below.

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