Welcome to PoraGhar Axom! Here you will find the most accurate and complete solutions for Assam Jatiya Bidyalay Class 7 English - Lesson 14: The Longest Train Journey. In this post, we provide a line-by-line Assamese translation, word meanings, textbook Q&A, and detailed grammar exercises (Conditionals/If Clauses, Common Errors, Phrasal Verbs & Idioms) along with special Study Tips to help you score 90%+ in your exams.
Table of Contents đ
- ► Quick Chapter Summary (āϏাā§°াংāĻļ)
- 1. Lesson Translation (āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
- 2. Word Notes (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻাāϰ্āĻĨ)
- 3. Remember the Words (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻিāĻŦ)
- 4. Comprehension Solutions
- 5. Detailed Grammar & Usage (Conditionals)
- 6. Grammar Activities (Common Errors)
- 7. Phrasal Verbs & Idioms
- 8. Writing Activity & Vocabulary
- 9. Study Tips for Students (āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻিāĻĒāĻ)
- 10. FAQs on the Chapter
Did You Know? (āĻিāĻŦা āĻাāύাāύে?)
The Vivek Express, which travels from Dibrugarh in Assam to Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, is not just the longest train route in India, but the entire Indian subcontinent! It covers a massive 4,233 kilometers and passes through 8 different states over a journey of about 83 hours.
đ Quick Chapter Overview
This chapter details the exciting summer vacation journey of Malabika and her colleague Shikha. They travel from Murkongselek in Assam all the way to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, via the famous Vivek Express. The lesson describes their 83-hour long train ride, the scenic beauty of rural India they witnessed (like the Naranarayan Setu over the Brahmaputra), their conversations about other famous trains like the Maharajas' Express, and the books they read during the journey. The chapter ends with their arrival in Kanyakumari and their visits to notable landmarks like the Vivekananda Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar Statue.
1. Lesson Text & Translation
Before you read:
Have you ever travelled a long distance by a train?
āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻেāϤিāϝ়াāĻŦা ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āĻĻীāĻāϞীāϝ়া āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ
āϤিāĻ্ā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°িāĻেāύে?
Do you know which is the longest running train in India?
āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻĻীāĻāϞীāϝ়া āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ
āϤিāĻ্ā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°া ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύ āĻোāύāĻāύ āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻাāύেāύে?
(Malabika and Shikha went to Kanyakumari last year by the Vivek Express. Given below is an extract from Malabika's experience during the journey.)
(āϝোā§ąা āĻŦāĻā§° āĻŽাāĻ˛ā§ąিāĻা āĻā§°ু āĻļিāĻা āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻেā§°ে āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ীāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤāϞāϤ āĻŽাāĻ˛ā§ąিāĻাā§° āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻ
āĻিāĻ্āĻāϤাā§° āĻāĻা āĻ
ংāĻļ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻš'āϞ।)
At last the long awaited summer vacation arrived.
āĻ ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āĻĻীā§°্āĻāĻĻিāύীāϝ়া āĻ āĻĒেāĻ্āώাā§° āĻ্ā§°ীāώ্āĻŽāĻাāϞ⧰ āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻāĻšিāϞ।
I chose Kanyakumari as my summer destination.
āĻŽāĻ āĻŽোā§° āĻ্ā§°ীāώ্āĻŽāĻাāϞ⧰ āĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖā§° āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ীāĻ āĻŦাāĻি āϞৈāĻিāϞো।
I preferred to travel by train. Train journeys are quite exciting.
āĻŽāĻ ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°াāĻো āĻĒāĻāύ্āĻĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞো। ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ ā§°োāĻŽাāĻ্āĻāĻā§°।
I have travelled to several places in India by train and had made some of the best memories during those journeys.
āĻŽāĻ āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻেāĻāĻŦাāĻāύো āĻ াāĻāϞৈ ā§°ে'āϞেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°িāĻো āĻā§°ু āϏেāĻ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ āϏ্āĻŽৃāϤি āĻāĻĸ়ি āϤুāϞিāĻো।
It is fascinating how a train journey enhances our knowledge about cultures, regions, languages and cuisines.
ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāĻ āĻেāύেāĻৈ āϏংāϏ্āĻৃāϤি, āĻ āĻ্āĻāϞ, āĻাāώা āĻā§°ু āĻাāĻĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻ্āĻাāύ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻā§°ে āϏেāϝ়া āϏঁāĻাāĻৈāϝ়ে āĻāĻā§°্āώāĻŖীāϝ়।
Another advantage of a train journey is that it gives an opportunity to interact with different people.
ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻāύ āĻāĻা āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻš'āϞ āĻ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŽāϤ āĻŦিāύিāĻŽāϝ় āĻā§°াā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে।
My colleague Shikha also wished to accompany me in this journey.
āĻŽোā§° āϏāĻšāĻā§°্āĻŽী āĻļিāĻাāϝ়ো āĻāĻ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāϤ āĻŽোā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
So we booked two tickets for the Vivek Express.
āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āĻāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻā§° āĻĻুāĻা āĻিāĻāĻ āĻŦুāĻ āĻā§°িāϞো।
We also made all the necessary arrangements for the trip.
āĻāĻŽি āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āϏāĻāϞো āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞো।
As Shikha and I are the residents of Murkongselek, a village in Dhemaji district, we had to go to Guwahati a day in advance of our Kanyakumari trip.
āϝিāĻšেāϤু āĻļিāĻা āĻā§°ু āĻŽāĻ āϧেāĻŽাāĻি āĻিāϞাā§° āĻŽুā§°্āĻংāĻেāϞেāĻ āĻাঁā§ąā§° āĻŦাāϏিāύ্āĻĻা, āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āĻāĻŽি āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ী āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻāĻĻিāύ āĻāĻāϤে āĻুā§ąাāĻšাāĻীāϞৈ āϝাāĻŦāϞāĻীāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
Accordingly we arrived at Guwahati by the Kamakhya-Murkongselek Lachit Express.
āϏেāĻ āĻ āύুāϏ⧰ি āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻŽাāĻ্āϝা-āĻŽুā§°্āĻংāĻেāϞেāĻ āϞাāĻিāϤ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻেā§°ে āĻুā§ąাāĻšাāĻীāϤ āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻš'āϞো।
We spent the night in Guwahati.
āĻāĻŽি ā§°াāϤিāĻো āĻুā§ąাāĻšাāĻীāϤে āĻāĻাāϞো।
Next day we arrived at the Guwahati Railway Station with our luggage.
āĻĒিāĻāĻĻিāύা āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻŦāϝ়-āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āϞৈ āĻুā§ąাāĻšাāĻী ā§°ে'āĻ˛ā§ąে āώ্āĻেāĻāύāϤ āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻš'āϞো।
The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is a weekly express train.
āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻāĻĄ়-āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ āĻāĻāύ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ ā§°ে'āϞ।
It runs from Dibrugarh, Assam to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.
āĻ āĻ āϏāĻŽā§° āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻāĻĄ়ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ীāϞৈ āĻāϞাāĻāϞ āĻā§°ে।
This Vivek Express was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.
āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽী āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻাāύāύ্āĻĻā§° ā§§ā§Ģā§Ļ āϏংāĻ্āϝāĻ āĻāύ্āĻŽāĻŦাā§°্āώিāĻী āĻāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
The train takes about 83 hours to reach Kanyakumari from Dibrugarh.
ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύে āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻāĻĄ়ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় 83 āĻāĻŖ্āĻা āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϞāϝ়।
It covers a distance of 4,233 kilometres and passes through eight states in India.
āĻ ā§Ē,ā§¨ā§Šā§Š āĻিāϞোāĻŽিāĻাā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ āϤিāĻ্ā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°ে āĻā§°ু āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻāĻ āĻāύ ā§°াāĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻŽাāĻেā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āĻšৈ āϝাāϝ়।
In the Indian subcontinent it holds the record of being the longest running train in terms of both distance and time.
āĻাā§°āϤীāϝ় āĻāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻā§°ু āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĻুāϝ়োāĻĢাāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°াāĻ āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻĻীāĻāϞীāϝ়া āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°া ā§°ে'āϞ āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻ āĻিāϞেāĻ āĻāĻে।
The train has 56 halts across its route.
ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύ⧰ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াāĻĒāĻĨāϤ ā§Ģā§Ŧ āĻা āĻāϏ্āĻĨাāύ (halt) āĻāĻে।
It passes through Assam, Nagaland, West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
āĻ āĻ āϏāĻŽ, āύাāĻাāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ, āĻĒāĻļ্āĻিāĻŽāĻŦংāĻ, āĻŦিāĻšাā§°, āĻāĻĄ়িāĻļা, āĻ āύ্āϧ্ā§°āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻেāĻļ, āĻেā§°াāϞা āĻā§°ু āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻŽাāĻেā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āĻšāϝ়।
When we reached the Guwahati Railway Station to board the Vivek Express, it presented a scene of confusion.
āĻāĻŽি āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻāϤ āĻāĻ িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻুā§ąাāĻšাāĻী ā§°ে'āĻ˛ā§ąে āώ্āĻেāĻāύ āĻĒাāĻঁ, āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāϤ āĻāĻ āĻšুāϞāϏ্āĻĨূāϞীāϝ়া āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āĻŦিā§°াāĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
Besides the passengers, it was crowded with people who had come to see off their friends and relatives.
āϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻāĻĒā§°িāĻ, āύিāĻā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻā§°ু āĻāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āĻ āĻŦিāĻĻাāϝ় āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ āĻšা āĻŽাāύুāĻšেā§°ে āĻ āĻā§°ি āĻāĻিāϞ।
At 11.30 a.m. the Vivek Express arrived at the station.
ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা ā§§ā§§.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ āώ্āĻেāĻāύ āĻĒাāϞেāĻšি।
The passengers made a great rush to board the train.
ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύāϤ āĻāĻ িāĻŦāϞৈ āϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻāϞে āĻšেāϤা-āĻāĻĒā§°া āϞāĻাāĻāĻিāϞ।
We got into our compartment.
āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻĄāĻŦাāϤ āϏোāĻŽাāϞো।
People of all communities were huddled together in the compartment.
āĻĄāĻŦাāĻোāϤ āϏāĻāϞো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāϝ়ā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻোāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
Some of the passengers were rude and some were polite.
āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āϝাāϤ্ā§°ী āĻ āĻāĻĻ্ā§° āĻāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻāĻĻ্ā§° āĻāĻিāϞ।
At 11.45 a.m. the guard blew his whistle and waved off the green flag.
ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা ā§§ā§§.ā§Ēā§Ģ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻাā§°্āĻĄāĻāύে āϏুāĻšুঁā§°ি āĻŦāĻাāϞে āĻā§°ু āϏেāĻāĻীāϝ়া āĻĒāϤাāĻা āĻোāĻাā§°িāϞে।
The bell rang and the engine with a loud whistle glided smoothly out of the station.
āĻāĻŖ্āĻা āĻŦাāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻ্āĻিāύāĻোā§ąে āĻĄাāĻā§°āĻৈ āϏুāĻšুঁā§°ি āĻŽাā§°ি āώ্āĻেāĻāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āϞাāĻšে āϞাāĻšে āĻāϞাāĻ āĻ'āϞ।
At last our most awaited journey began.
āĻ ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻļিāϤ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻš'āϞ।
After two hours we reached Goalpara.
āĻĻুāĻāĻŖ্āĻাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻোā§ąাāϞāĻĒাā§°া āĻĒাāϞো।
We crossed the Naranarayan Setu which is over the mighty river Brahmaputra.
āĻāĻŽি āĻŽāĻšাāĻŦাāĻšু āĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽāĻĒুāϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻা āύ⧰āύাā§°াāϝ়āĻŖ āϏেāϤু āĻĒাā§° āĻš'āϞো।
This is really a beautiful bridge.
āĻāĻāĻāύ āϏঁāĻাāĻৈāϝ়ে āĻāĻāύ āϧুāύীāϝ়া āĻĻāϞং।
It has double decks with a railway track on the lower deck and a road on the upper deck.
āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻĻুāĻা āϤāϞা āĻāĻে āϝাā§° āϤāϞ⧰ āϤāϞাāϤ ā§°ে'āϞ⧰ āϞাāĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āϤāϞাāϤ ā§°াāϏ্āϤা āĻāĻে।
At 3 p.m. we reached the New Bongaigaon Station. We had some snacks and tea there.
āĻāĻŦেāϞি ā§Š āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āύিāĻ āĻŦāĻাāĻāĻাঁāĻ āώ্āĻেāĻāύ āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি। āĻāĻŽি āϤাāϤ āĻাāĻš āĻā§°ু āϞāĻু āĻāĻšাā§° āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞো।
The Travelling Ticket Examiner (TTE) came around and checked our tickets.
āĻ্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝāĻŽাāύ āĻিāĻāĻ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώāĻ (TTE) āĻāĻšি āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻিāĻāĻ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°িāϞে।
At about 4.45 p.m. we reached the Alipur Duar Junction in West Bengal.
āĻāĻŦেāϞি āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Ē.ā§Ēā§Ģ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒāĻļ্āĻিāĻŽāĻŦংāĻā§° āĻāϞিāĻĒুā§° āĻĻুā§ąাā§° āĻংāĻāύ āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।
Since the train was passing through the countryside of different places I was overwhelmed to see the scenic beauty of rural India.
āϝিāĻšেāϤু ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻ াāĻā§° āĻ্ā§°াāĻŽাāĻ্āĻāϞ⧰ āĻŽাāĻেā§°ে āĻৈ āĻāĻিāϞ, āĻ্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻৃāϤিāĻ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻā§°্āϝ āĻĻেāĻি āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻĒ্āϞুāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞো।
We saw paddy fields where farmers were harvesting crops.
āĻāĻŽি āϧাāύāύি āĻĒāĻĨাā§° āĻĻেāĻিāĻিāϞো āϝ'āϤ āĻেāϤিāϝ়āĻāϏāĻāϞে āĻļāϏ্āϝ āĻāĻĒাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
Cattle were also grazing on the open meadows.
āĻŽুāĻāϞি āĻĒāĻĨাā§°āϤ āĻā§°ু-āĻŽ'āĻšāĻŦোā§°েāĻ āĻাঁāĻš āĻাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
Our train left the Alipur Duar Junction and continued its journey from state to state.
āĻāĻŽাā§° ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύে āĻāϞিāĻĒুā§° āĻĻুā§ąাā§° āĻংāĻāύ āĻā§°ি āĻāĻāύ ā§°াāĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻāύ āĻāĻāύ ā§°াāĻ্āϝāϞৈ āύিāĻā§° āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ ā§°াāĻিāϞে।
At about 8.30 p.m. we had our dinner. The food was good.
ā§°াāϤি āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Ž.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি ā§°াāϤিā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞো। āĻাāĻĻ্āϝāĻিāύি āĻাāϞ āĻāĻিāϞ।
After dinner Shikha and I began to chat with each other about our train journeys.
ā§°াāϤিā§° āĻāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻļিāĻা āĻā§°ু āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻŽাā§° ā§°ে'āϞ āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύ⧰ āϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāĻŦāϞৈ āϧ⧰িāϞো।
She told me that once she along with her maternal uncle and aunt had travelled by the Maharajas' Express which is the most expensive luxury train in India.
āϤাāĻ āĻŽোāĻ āĻৈāĻিāϞ āϝে āĻāĻŦাā§° āϤাāĻ āĻŽোāĻŽাāϝ়েāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻŽাāĻŽীāϝ়েāĻā§° āϞāĻāϤ āĻŽāĻšাā§°াāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻāϤ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āϝিāĻāύ āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ়āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻŦিāϞাāϏী ā§°ে'āϞ।
They travelled to places like Delhi, Agra, Jaipur, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Udaipur, the Ranthambore National Park, Khajuraho, Varanasi, Lucknow, Mumbai and Aurangabad.
āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĻিāϞ্āϞী, āĻāĻ্ā§°া, āĻāϝ়āĻĒুā§°, āĻŦিāĻাāύেā§°, āϝোāϧāĻĒুā§°, āĻāĻĻāϝ়āĻĒুā§°, ā§°āĻŖāĻĨāĻŽ্āĻŦোā§° ā§°াāώ্āĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āĻāĻĻ্āϝাāύ, āĻাāĻুā§°াāĻšো, āĻŦাā§°াāĻŖāϏী, āϞāĻ্āώ্āĻŖৌ, āĻŽুāĻŽ্āĻŦাāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻā§°ংāĻাāĻŦাāĻĻā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻ াāĻāϞৈ āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
At 10 p.m. we reached New Jalpaiguri.
ā§°াāϤি ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āύিāĻ āĻāϞāĻĒাāĻāĻুā§°ি āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।
Then I told Shikha that I wanted to take rest.
āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻŽāĻ āĻļিāĻাāĻ āĻ'āϞো āϝে āĻŽāĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্ā§°াāĻŽ āϞ'āĻŦ āĻŦিāĻাā§°ো।
As I was on a side lower berth, with windows open, I closed the windows and tried to sleep.
āϝিāĻšেāϤু āĻŽāĻ āĻাāώ⧰ āϤāϞ⧰ āĻŦাā§°্āĻĨāϤ (āĻিāĻāϤ) āĻāĻিāϞো āĻā§°ু āĻিā§°িāĻীāĻŦোā§° āĻোāϞা āĻāĻিāϞ, āĻŽāĻ āĻিā§°িāĻীāĻŦোā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻā§°িāϞো āĻā§°ু āĻļুāĻŦāϞৈ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻā§°িāϞো।
Next day at 8 a.m. we reached Durgapur and had our breakfast.
āĻĒিāĻāĻĻিāύা āĻĒুā§ąা ā§Ž āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻĻুā§°্āĻাāĻĒুā§° āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি āĻā§°ু āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻĒুā§ąাā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻাāϞো।
After breakfast, we chatted with our co-passengers. It was real fun.
āĻĒুā§ąাā§° āĻāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাā§° āϏāĻšāϝাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāϞো। āĻ āϏঁāĻাāĻৈāϝ়ে āĻŦā§° āĻāύāύ্āĻĻāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
At 4.30 p.m. we reached Cuttack. Thus we entered Odisha.
āĻāĻŦেāϞি ā§Ē.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি। āĻāĻāĻĻā§°ে āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻĄ়িāĻļাāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąেāĻļ āĻā§°িāϞো।
At 5.10 p.m. we reached Bhubaneswar.
āĻāĻŦেāϞি ā§Ģ.ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻুā§ąāύেāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।
It is the capital of Odisha and one of the largest cities of India.
āĻ āĻāĻĄ়িāĻļাā§° ā§°াāĻāϧাāύী āĻā§°ু āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻ āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŦৃāĻšā§ āĻāĻšā§°।
It is called the 'Temple City of India'.
āĻāϝ়াāĻ 'āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āĻāĻšā§°' āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।
That day also we had our dinner at 8.30 p.m. but this time we ordered chapati and matar-paneer in place of rice and dal.
āϏেāĻāĻĻিāύাāĻ āĻāĻŽি ā§°াāϤি ā§Ž.ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻাāϤ ā§°াāϤিā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻাāϞো āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāĻāĻŦাā§° āĻāĻŽি āĻাāϤ āĻā§°ু āĻĄাāϞিā§° āϏāϞāύি ā§°ুāĻী āĻā§°ু āĻŽāĻā§°-āĻĒāύীā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĄাā§° āĻā§°িāϞো।
We bought some interesting novels in Cuttack.
āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻāϤ āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻāĻā§°্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āĻāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻিāύিāĻিāϞো।
To get relief from the boredom of such a long journey, both of us decided to go through some of these novels.
āĻāĻŽাāύ āĻĻীāĻāϞীāϝ়া āϝাāϤ্ā§°াā§° āĻāĻŽāύিā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏāĻাāĻš āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ, āĻāĻŽি āĻĻুāϝ়ো āĻāĻ āĻāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞ'āϞো।
Two interesting novels that we bought were Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner and A Thousand Splendid Suns.
āĻāĻŽি āĻিāύা āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻāĻā§°্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āĻāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻāĻিāϞ āĻাāϞেāĻĻ āĻšোāĻেāĻāύিā§° āĻĻ্āϝ āĻাāĻāĻ ā§°াāύাā§° (The Kite Runner) āĻā§°ু āĻ āĻĨাāĻāĻেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϏ্āĻĒ্āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄিāĻĄ āĻাāύāĻ (A Thousand Splendid Suns)।
Both of us decided to read these two books.
āĻāĻŽি āĻĻুāϝ়ো āĻāĻ āĻিāϤাāĻĒ āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞ'āϞো।
While going through the books we discussed the writing style and themes of the books.
āĻিāϤাāĻĒ āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻিāϤাāĻĒāĻāύ⧰ āϞিāĻāύāĻļৈāϞী āĻā§°ু āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞো।
In this way, after spending about 83 hours in the Vivek Express, we at last reached our destination Kanyakumari.
āĻāĻāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϏāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§Žā§Š āĻāĻŖ্āĻা āĻāĻোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻ ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ী āĻĒাāϞোāĻšি।
Kanyakumari is a city of Tamil Nadu. We stayed there for a week in a hotel.
āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ী āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄুā§° āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻšā§°। āĻāĻŽি āϤাāϤ āĻāϏāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻāύ āĻšোāĻেāϞāϤ āĻĨাāĻিāϞো।
Notable landmarks of Kanyakumari are the Thiruvalluvar Statue, the Vivekananda Rock Memorial, the Gandhi Memorial Mandapam, the Tsunami Memorial Park etc.
āĻāύ্āϝাāĻুāĻŽাā§°ীā§° āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻāϝোāĻ্āϝ āϏ্āĻĨাāύāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻš'āϞ āĻĨিā§°ুā§ąāϞ্āϞুā§ąā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŽূā§°্āϤি, āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻাāύāύ্āĻĻ ā§°āĻ āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ, āĻাāύ্āϧী āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ āĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāĻĒāĻŽ, āĻুāύাāĻŽি āĻŽেāĻŽ'ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ āĻĒাā§°্āĻ āĻāĻĻি।
During our stay we visited all these landmarks.
āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻĨāĻাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻোā§ąাāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞো।
We also went for shopping and bought some traditional attire, bags, show pieces etc.
āĻāĻŽি āĻŦāĻাā§° āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈāĻ āĻৈāĻিāϞো āĻā§°ু āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒā§°āĻŽ্āĻĒā§°াāĻāϤ āϏাāĻ-āĻĒাā§°, āĻŽোāύা, āϏāĻাāĻ āĻĨোā§ąা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻāĻĻি āĻিāύিāĻিāϞো।
After spending the week there we made our return journey.
āϤাāϤ āĻāϏāĻĒ্āϤাāĻš āĻāĻোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšিāϞো।
2. Word Notes (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ)
3. Remember the Words (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻিāĻŦ)
4. Comprehension Solutions
a) Q: What is the summer destination of the narrator?
Ans: The summer destination of the narrator is Kanyakumari.
b) Q: Who accompanied the narrator in her journey?
Ans: Her colleague Shikha accompanied the narrator in her journey.
c) Q: At what time did the Vivek Express arrive at the Guwahati Railway Station?
Ans: The Vivek Express arrived at the Guwahati Railway Station at 11.30 a.m.
d) Q: Name the bridge over the mighty river Brahmaputra mentioned in the lesson.
Ans: The name of the bridge over the mighty river Brahmaputra mentioned in the lesson is the Naranarayan Setu.
e) Q: Which is the most expensive luxury train in India?
Ans: The Maharajas' Express is the most expensive luxury train in India.
f) Q: Which city is called the 'Temple City of India'?
Ans: Bhubaneswar is called the 'Temple City of India'.
Ans: The notable landmarks of Kanyakumari are the Thiruvalluvar Statue, the Vivekananda Rock Memorial, the Gandhi Memorial Mandapam, the Tsunami Memorial Park, etc.
Ans: The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is a weekly express train running from Dibrugarh, Assam to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu. It was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda. It takes about 83 hours to cover a distance of 4,233 kilometres across eight states. It holds the record of being the longest running train in the Indian subcontinent in terms of both distance and time, and it has 56 halts across its route.
Example: train: passengers, compartments, coach, tickets, TTE
- station: platform, train, waiting room, ticket counter, vendor
- journey: destination, luggage, travel, ticket, route
- river: water, boat, bank, current, bridge
- breakfast: morning, food, tea, snacks, bread
- good → better → best
- fascinating → more fascinating → most fascinating
- long → longer → longest
- polite → more polite → most polite
- great → greater → greatest
- loud → louder → loudest
- luxurious → more luxurious → most luxurious
- low → lower → lowest
- interesting → more interesting → most interesting
- famous → more famous → most famous
5. Detailed Grammar & Usage (Conditionals)
Conditionals or If clauses (āĻā§°্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦা 'If' āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ)
āĻāĻা āĻā§°্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻĻুāĻা āĻ ংāĻļ āĻĨাāĻে: āĻāĻা āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ (main clause) āĻā§°ু āĻāĻা āϤāϞāϤীāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ (subordinate clause), āĻāĻ āĻĻুāϝ়োāĻা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻāĻোā§ąে āϏিāĻোā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻā§° āĻā§°ে। āĻ ā§°্āĻĨাā§, āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻোāϤ āϝি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļ āĻā§°োঁ āϏেāϝ়া āϤāϞāϤীāϝ়া 'if' (āϝāĻĻি) āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻোāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļ āĻā§°া āĻāĻĨাā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻā§° āĻā§°ে। āĻā§°্āϤ āϤিāύি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°ā§° āĻĨাāĻে: āĻ) āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻā§°্āϤ (Real condition) āĻ) āĻ āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻŦা āĻাāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ āĻā§°্āϤ (Unreal/Imaginary condition) āĻ) āĻ āϤীāϤāϤ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āĻā§°্āϤ (Unfulfilled condition in the past)
a) Real Condition (āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻā§°্āϤ - āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąিāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏāĻāϤ):
āϝāĻĻি āĻāĻা āĻā§°্āϤ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻāύāĻোāĻ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻš'āĻŦ।
- i) If I have time, I will go there. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽোā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĨাāĻে, āĻŽāĻ āϤাāϞৈ āϝাāĻŽ।)
- ii) If you work hard, you will succeed. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻ োā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°া, āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻš'āĻŦা।)
- iii) If it rains, we shall not go out. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āĻāĻŽি āĻŦাāĻšিā§°āϞৈ āύাāϝাāĻঁ।)
- iv) If you take a bath, you will feel fresh. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻা āϧোā§ąা, āϤুāĻŽি āϏāϤেāĻ āĻ āύুāĻā§ą āĻā§°িāĻŦা।)
- v) If you eat junk food, you will fall sick. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻাংāĻ āĻĢুāĻĄ āĻোā§ąা, āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦেāĻŽাā§°āϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻŦা।)
b) Imaginary Condition (āĻাāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ āĻā§°্āϤ):
āĻāύে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāϤ 'if' (āϝāĻĻি) āĻā§°্āϤāĻো āĻেāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύāĻšāϝ়।
- i) If today were Saturday, it would be fun. (āϝāĻĻি āĻāĻি āĻļāύিāĻŦাā§° āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŦā§° āĻŽāĻা āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
- ii) If I were a king, I could do many things. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāĻ ā§°āĻা āĻš'āϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŽāĻ āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻাāĻŽ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
- iii) If I were rich, I would travel around the world. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāĻ āϧāύী āĻš'āϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āĻŽāĻ āĻোāĻেāĻ āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąী āĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞোঁāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
c) Unfulfilled condition (āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āĻā§°্āϤ):
āĻāϝ়াāϤ āĻā§°্āϤāĻো āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻš'āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āĻিāύ্āϤু āύāĻš'āϞ, āĻāϤিāϝ়া āĻ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻোāύো āϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āύাāĻ।
- i) If he had studied regularly, he would have passed the examination. (āϝāĻĻি āϏি āύিāϝ়āĻŽীāϝ়াāĻৈ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤেāύ্āϤে āϏি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώাāϤ āĻāϤ্āϤীā§°্āĻŖ āĻš'āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
- ii) If you had left earlier, you would have caught the train. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āϏোāύāĻাāϞে āĻāϞাāĻ āĻāϞাāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤুāĻŽি ā§°ে'āϞāĻāύ āϧ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞাāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
- iii) If the firemen hadn't arrived in time, they couldn't have saved the house. (āϝāĻĻি āĻ āĻ্āύিāύিā§°্āĻŦাāĻĒāĻ āĻŦাāĻšিāύী āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻŽāϤে āύাāĻšিāϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϤেāύ্āϤে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻā§°āĻো āĻŦāĻাāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
- iv) Ramesh would have offered us coffee if he had had milk in the canteen. (ā§°āĻŽেāĻļে āĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻāĻĢী āĻĻিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āĻেāĻŖ্āĻিāύāϤ āĻাāĻীā§° āĻĨাāĻিāϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
Note: If the boy had known English, he would have written the application in English. or The boy would have written the application in English if he had known English.
(āĻোāĻা: āϝāĻĻি āϞ'ā§°াāĻোā§ąে āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻাāύিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ, āϏি āĻāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻāύ āĻংā§°াāĻীāϤ āϞিāĻিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ। āĻŦা āϞ'ā§°াāĻোā§ąে āĻāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻāύ āĻংā§°াāĻীāϤ āϞিāĻিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āϏি āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻাāύিāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ।)
Some other types of conditionals (āĻāύ āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°ā§° āĻā§°্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ):
- • If I eat butter, I grow fat. (āϝāĻĻি āĻŽāĻ āĻŽাāĻāύ āĻাāĻঁ, āĻŽāĻ āĻļāĻāϤ āĻšāĻঁ।)
- • If water freezes, it turns to ice. (āϝāĻĻি āĻĒাāύী āĻোāĻ āĻŽাā§°ে, āĻ āĻŦā§°āĻĢāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝ়।)
- • If water boils, it changes into vapour. (āϝāĻĻি āĻĒাāύী āĻāϤāϞে, āĻ āĻাāĻĒāϞৈ āϏāϞāύি āĻšāϝ়।)
- • If you heat ice, it melts. (āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°া, āĻ āĻāϞি āϝাāϝ়।)
- i) Q: If he comes, I (go) for a walk.
Ans: If he comes, I shall go (or will go) for a walk. - ii) Q: If you (eat) too much, you will be ill.
Ans: If you eat too much, you will be ill. - iii) Q: He (come) if you called him.
Ans: He would come if you called him. - iv) Q: If he (see) you, he would speak to you.
Ans: If he saw you, he would speak to you. - v) Q: If you had come, he (meet) you.
Ans: If you had come, he would have met you. - vi) Q: If you (listen) to my advice, you would not have had this problem.
Ans: If you had listened to my advice, you would not have had this problem. - vii) Q: My son always wakes up if he (hear) any noise.
Ans: My son always wakes up if he hears any noise. - viii) Q: If they (know) him, they (talk) to him.
Ans: If they knew him, they would talk to him. - ix) Q: They would understand if you (speak) to them politely.
Ans: They would understand if you spoke to them politely. - x) Q: If you (see) her, please (ask) her to meet me.
Ans: If you see her, please ask her to meet me. - xi) Q: If I (know) this, I (not make) such a mistake.
Ans: If I had known this, I would not have made such a mistake.
- i) Q: I did not see him because I did not go there.
Ans: If I had gone there I would have seen him. - ii) Q: I was in a hurry and so I spilled the milk.
Ans: If I had not been in a hurry, I would not have spilled the milk. - iii) Q: I did not know her, so I did not talk to her.
Ans: If I had known her, I would have talked to her. - iv) Q: You did not try again, so you failed.
Ans: If you had tried again, you would not have failed. - v) Q: She did not have a degree, so she did not get the job.
Ans: If she had had a degree, she would have got the job.
6. Grammar Activities (Common Errors)
- i) Q: They have read the stories for one hour last night.
Ans: They read the stories for one hour last night. - ii) Q: I am seeing a flock of birds in the sky now.
Ans: I see a flock of birds in the sky now. - iii) Q: My grandmother reads Ramayana every evening.
Ans: My grandmother reads the Ramayana every evening. - iv) Q: I am teaching in this college since 2015.
Ans: I have been teaching in this college since 2015. - v) Q: He knows me for six years.
Ans: He has known me for six years. - vi) Q: The teacher left the school before I reached.
Ans: The teacher had left the school before I reached. - vii) Q: The boy is not coming from the market yet.
Ans: The boy has not come from the market yet.
7. Phrasal Verbs & Idioms
Phrasal Verbs (āĻĢ্ā§°েāĻেāϞ āĻাā§°্āĻŦ)
Keep on [āĻ
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ ā§°āĻা / āĻā§°িāϝ়েāĻ āĻĨāĻা]: The children kept on shouting with delight.
(āϞ'ā§°া-āĻোā§ąাāϞীāĻŦোā§°ে āĻāύāύ্āĻĻāϤ āĻিāĻā§°িāϝ়েāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।)
Look up [āĻŦিāĻাā§°ি āĻāϞিāĻā§ąা / āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻৈ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻোāώāϤ]: I looked up the word in the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary.
(āĻŽāĻ āĻ
āĻ্āϏāĻĢā§°্āĻĄ āĻāĻĄāĻাāύ্āϏāĻĄ āϞ⧰্āύাā§°্āĻ āĻĄিāĻāĻāύেā§°ীāϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻো āĻŦিāĻাā§°িāĻিāϞো।)
Look into [āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āĻā§°া]: The principal will look into the matter.
(āĻ
āϧ্āϝāĻ্āώāĻā§°াāĻীāϝ়ে āĻāĻĨাāĻো āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āĻā§°িāĻŦ।)
Look over [āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°া / āĻāĻু āĻĢুā§°োā§ąা]: The teacher is looking over the answerscripts.
(āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻāĻāύে āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻŦāĻšীāĻŦোā§° āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°ি āĻāĻে।)
Idioms (āĻĢāĻā§°া-āϝোāĻāύা / āĻāϤুā§ąা āĻ াঁāĻ)
Beggar description [āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύাāϤীāϤ]: The beauty of the Taj Mahal beggars description.
(āϤাāĻāĻŽāĻšāϞ⧰ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻā§°্āϝ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύাāϤীāϤ āϝি āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ি।)
Bird's-eye-view [āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°িāĻ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ]: He took a bird's-eye-view of the flood stricken area from a helicopter.
(āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻāύ āĻšেāϞিāĻāĻĒ্āĻাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦাāύāĻĒীāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻ
āĻ্āĻāϞāĻোā§° āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻ āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°িāĻ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।)
Birds of a feather [āĻāĻে āϏ্āĻŦāĻাā§ąā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš]: Birds of a feather flock together.
(āĻāĻে āϏ্āĻŦāĻাā§ąā§° āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻĨাāĻে।)
8. Writing Activity & Vocabulary
(a) Picture of children and grandmother in a park:
(b) Picture of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs:
Build Up Your Vocabulary: Collective Nouns
9. Study Tips for Students (āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻিāĻĒāĻ) đ✨
āĻাāϤ্ā§°-āĻাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻā§°্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ⧰ (Conditionals) āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āĻ āϤিā§°িāĻ্āϤ āĻিāĻĒāĻ:
-
ā§§. Real Condition (āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻā§°্āϤ):
āĻāϝ়াāϤ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় 'If' āĻĨāĻা āĻ ংāĻļāĻোāϤ Present Tense (āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻাāϞ) āĻā§°ু āĻāύāĻো āĻ ংāĻļāϤ Future Tense (āϝেāύে: will/shall) āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻে।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If I have time (Present), I will go (Future) there. -
⧍. Imaginary Condition (āĻাāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ āĻā§°্āϤ):
āĻāĻ āĻ্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ 'If' āĻĨāĻা āĻ ংāĻļāĻোāϤ Past Tense (āϝেāύে: were) āĻā§°ু āĻāύāĻো āĻ ংāĻļāϤ 'would' āĻŦা 'could' āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻে। (āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻিāĻŦ, āĻাāϞ্āĻĒāύিāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāϤ 'I', 'He', 'She' ā§° āϞāĻāϤো āϏāĻĻাāϝ় 'were' āĻŦāĻšে)।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If I were (Past) a king, I could do (Could+Verb) many things. -
ā§Š. Unfulfilled Condition (āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āύোāĻšোā§ąা āĻā§°্āϤ):
āĻāϝ়াāϤ 'If' āĻĨāĻা āĻ ংāĻļāĻোāϤ Past Perfect Tense (had + verb ā§° āϤৃāϤীāϝ় ā§°ূāĻĒ) āĻā§°ু āĻāύāĻো āĻ ংāĻļāϤ 'would have / could have' āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If you had left (Past Perfect) earlier, you would have caught (Would have + V3) the train. -
ā§Ē. Zero Conditional:
āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻŦা āĻŦৈāĻ্āĻাāύিāĻ āϏāϤ্āϝ (Universal truth) āĻŦুāĻাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĻুāϝ়োāĻা āĻ ংāĻļāϤে Present Tense āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: If you heat ice, it melts. (āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°িāϞে āĻāϞি āϝাāϝ়।)
10. FAQs on the Chapter
Q. What is special about the Vivek Express?
Ans: The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express is the longest running train in the Indian subcontinent in terms of both distance (4,233 km) and time (approx 83 hours). It was started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.
Q. Where is the Jim Corbett National Park located, and why is it famous?
Ans: The Jim Corbett National Park is located in Uttarakhand. It is the oldest national park in India, established in 1936 to protect the endangered Bengal tigers. It was renamed in honor of the famous conservationist and author, Jim Corbett.
Q. What are Conditional sentences?
Ans: Conditional sentences (If clauses) are sentences that express a condition. They consist of a main clause and a subordinate 'if' clause. The action in the main clause happens only if the condition in the 'if' clause is fulfilled.
Final Thoughts
We hope this detailed guide on Assam Jatiya Bidyalay Class 7 English Lesson 14: The Longest Train Journey has been incredibly helpful for your studies. From the exciting travel experiences to the thorough grammar solutions on Conditionals, we have covered it all! Keep reading, stay curious, and if you have any questions, don't hesitate to leave a comment below.
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