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Did You Know? (কিবা জানানে?)

The story of Icarus is a famous ancient Greek myth. It teaches a powerful lesson about the dangers of overconfidence and not listening to the wise advice of our elders!

Fill in the blanks with can/must/should/may.

• i) We should help the poor and needy.
• ii) You must always be punctual.
• iii) We should respect our elders.
• iv) She must (or can) do this right now.
• v) May I go out, sir?
• vi) You must get up early in the morning to meet Mr. Dutta.

Find out the transitive and intransitive verbs from the following sentences.

i) He can run fast.
Ans: run (Intransitive)

ii) I am sitting on a bench.
Ans: sitting (Intransitive)

iii) Why are you laughing?
Ans: laughing (Intransitive)

iv) I bought a novel yesterday.
Ans: bought (Transitive - object is 'a novel')

v) Don't go out.
Ans: go (Intransitive)

vi) She likes oranges.
Ans: likes (Transitive - object is 'oranges')

vii) My father is reading a newspaper.
Ans: reading (Transitive - object is 'a newspaper')

viii) He blew the whistle.
Ans: blew (Transitive - object is 'the whistle')

ix) The sun is shining brightly.
Ans: shining (Intransitive)

x) He fought bravely.
Ans: fought (Intransitive)

Change the voice of the following.

i) He teaches mathematics.
Ans: Mathematics is taught by him.

ii) They will build a house.
Ans: A house will be built by them.

iii) I ate an apple.
Ans: An apple was eaten by me.

iv) Shantanu buys magazines.
Ans: Magazines are bought by Shantanu.

v) Ananya plays badminton.
Ans: Badminton is played by Ananya.

vi) My brother drew a scenery.
Ans: A scenery was drawn by my brother.

vii) His uncle sold the bicycle.
Ans: The bicycle was sold by his uncle.

viii) Jyoti caught the ball.
Ans: The ball was caught by Jyoti.

ix) Malini sends the letters.
Ans: The letters are sent by Malini.

x) My mother brought a glass of milk.
Ans: A glass of milk was brought by my mother.

xi) We must do the work.
Ans: The work must be done by us.

xii) Ragini can play football.
Ans: Football can be played by Ragini.

Rewrite the following pairs of sentences using 'both....and', 'either....or', 'so....that', 'neither....nor', 'not only....but also', 'as....as'.

i) She is intelligent. Her brother is equally intelligent.
Ans: Her brother is as intelligent as she is.

ii) He will go. His father will go.
Ans: Both he and his father will go.

iii) He worked hard. He fell ill.
Ans: He worked so hard that he fell ill.

iv) Kapil did not break the window. His brother did not break the window.
Ans: Neither Kapil nor his brother broke the window.

v) We may go to Delhi. We may go to Mumbai.
Ans: We may go either to Delhi or to Mumbai.

vi) Manisha may be a singer. Manisha may be a dancer.
Ans: Manisha may be either a singer or a dancer.

vii) She does not like milk. She does not like juice.
Ans: She likes neither milk nor juice.

viii) Shikha is not tall. Shikha is not fat.
Ans: Shikha is neither tall nor fat.

ix) Dipak is fat. Dipak is strong.
Ans: Dipak is not only fat but also strong.

x) Salini can dance. Madhurima can dance.
Ans: Both Salini and Madhurima can dance.

Change the form of narration of the following.

• i) Pahi says, "I am a swimmer."
  Ans: Pahi says that she is a swimmer.
• ii) My brother says, "I always read for five hours."
  Ans: My brother says that he always reads for five hours.
• iii) The girls say, "We practise dance in the school."
  Ans: The girls say that they practise dance in the school.
• iv) My cousin says, "I will go to Delhi next year."
  Ans: My cousin says that he/she will go to Delhi next year.
• v) Her friends say, "We shall arrange a party in December."
  Ans: Her friends say that they will arrange a party in December.
• vi) The teacher says, "I like to teach grammar."
  Ans: The teacher says that he/she likes to teach grammar.
• vii) My mother will say, "I read the newspaper every day."
  Ans: My mother will say that she reads the newspaper every day.
• viii) My younger sister says, "I like to eat pineapple and guava."
  Ans: My younger sister says that she likes to eat pineapple and guava.
• ix) Her elder brother says, "I like to read storybooks on holidays."
  Ans: Her elder brother says that he likes to read storybooks on holidays.
• x) Lalita says, "I go to the temple every morning."
  Ans: Lalita says that she goes to the temple every morning.

Rewrite the following sentences using the correct tense form of the verbs.

• i) The light went out while I (read) a newspaper.
  Ans: The light went out while I was reading a newspaper.
• ii) I (write) the letter before he arrived.
  Ans: I had written the letter before he arrived.
• iii) They (play) since 4 o'clock.
  Ans: They have been playing since 4 o'clock.
• iv) Robin just (arrive) from Chennai.
  Ans: Robin has just arrived from Chennai.
• v) She (wait) on the platform since 6 o'clock.
  Ans: She has been waiting on the platform since 6 o'clock.
• vi) The girls reached the station after the train (leave).
  Ans: The girls reached the station after the train had left.
• vii) John (buy) a new bicycle last week.
  Ans: John bought a new bicycle last week.
• viii) I reached the place after he (leave).
  Ans: I reached the place after he had left.
• ix) Mr. Saikia (leave) for Delhi last Friday.
  Ans: Mr. Saikia left for Delhi last Friday.
• x) We (not see) Rahul for several months.
  Ans: We have not seen Rahul for several months.
• xi) The train (start) at 9 o'clock every morning.
  Ans: The train starts at 9 o'clock every morning.
• xii) The boy (sleep), don't disturb him.
  Ans: The boy is sleeping, don't disturb him.
• xiii) When I went there, she (cook) food.
  Ans: When I went there, she was cooking food.
• xiv) My uncle (suffer) from fever since this morning.
  Ans: My uncle has been suffering from fever since this morning.
• xv) He (fly) a kite now.
  Ans: He is flying a kite now.

Read the following story and answer the questions below.

Once upon a time, there was a wicked king on a large island. He had a very clever workman.
(এসময়ত এখন ডাঙৰ দ্বীপত এজন দুষ্ট ৰজা আছিল। তেওঁৰ এজন বৰ চতুৰ কাৰিকৰ আছিল।)

The workman had a boy named Icarus. Icarus and his father were not happy on that island.
(কাৰিকৰজনৰ ইকাৰাছ নামৰ এটা ল'ৰা আছিল। ইকাৰাছ আৰু তাৰ দেউতাক সেই দ্বীপটোত সুখী নাছিল।)

They wanted to leave the island. But the king did not permit them to do so. So they made a plan.
(তেওঁলোকে দ্বীপটো এৰি যাব বিচাৰিছিল। কিন্তু ৰজাই তেওঁলোকক তেনে কৰিবলৈ অনুমতি দিয়া নাছিল। সেয়েহে তেওঁলোকে এটা বুদ্ধি সাজিলে।)

Icarus and his father collected a large number of feathers of birds and made two pairs of wings. One morning, they bound the wings to their shoulders with the help of wax and were ready to fly.
(ইকাৰাছ আৰু তাৰ দেউতাকে চৰাইৰ বহুতো পাখি গোটাই দুযোৰ ডেউকা সাজিলে। এদিন ৰাতিপুৱা, তেওঁলোকে মমৰ সহায়ত ডেউকাবোৰ কান্ধত বান্ধি ল'লে আৰু উৰিবলৈ সাজু হ'ল।)

It was a beautiful day. Icarus' father warned him not to go near the sun and they started flying.
(সেইটো এটা ধুনীয়া দিন আছিল। ইকাৰাছৰ দেউতাকে তাক সূৰ্যৰ ওচৰলৈ নাযাবলৈ সাৱধান কৰি দিছিল আৰু তেওঁলোকে উৰিবলৈ আৰম্ভ কৰিলে।)

Both of them were flying like birds. Icarus was very excited and so he forgot his father's warning.
(দুয়ো চৰাইৰ দৰে উৰি আছিল। ইকাৰাছ বৰ উৎসাহিত আছিল আৰু সেয়েহে সি দেউতাকৰ সাৱধানবাণী পাহৰি গৈছিল।)

He went near the sun. It was really very hot. The heat melted the wax and he fell into the sea. Icarus died.
(সি সূৰ্যৰ ওচৰলৈ গৈছিল। সঁচাকৈয়ে বহুত গৰম আছিল। গৰমত মমখিনি গলি গৈছিল আৰু সি সাগৰত পৰি গৈছিল। ইকাৰাছৰ মৃত্যু হ'ল।)

His father was wise, so he could safely leave the island.
(তাৰ দেউতাক জ্ঞানী আছিল, সেয়েহে তেওঁ নিৰাপদে দ্বীপটো এৰি যাব পাৰিছিল।)

Questions & Answers

• a) Q: What did the king have?
  Ans: The king had a very clever workman.
• b) Q: Why did the workman and his son want to leave the island?
  Ans: The workman and his son wanted to leave the island because they were not happy there.
• c) Q: Why did Icarus forget his father's warning?
  Ans: Icarus forgot his father's warning because he was very excited while flying like a bird.
• d) Q: Why did Icarus fall into the sea?
  Ans: Icarus fell into the sea because he went near the sun, and the heat melted the wax of his wings.