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Class 7 Lesson:12 "Leonardo da VInci"


Poem / Lesson Translation (āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)

It was 15 April, 1452. At the third hour of the night, about 10 p.m., a boy was born in Vinci, a small village near Florence, Italy.
ā§§ā§Ēā§Ģ⧍ āϚāύ⧰ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻāĻĒ্ā§°িāϞ āφāĻ›িāϞ। ā§°াāϤিā§° āϤৃāϤীāϝ় āϘāĻŖ্āϟাāϤ, āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāϜাāϤ, āχāϟাāϞীā§° āĻĢ্āϞ’ā§°েāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻāĻ–āύ āϏ⧰ু āĻ—াঁāĻ“ āĻ­িāĻž্āϚিāϤ āĻāϜāύ āϞ’ā§°াā§° āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।
No one could ever imagine that one day this boy would become such a genius. He is none other than Leonardo da Vinci.
āĻ•োāύেāĻ“ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āύাāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻāĻĻিāύ āĻāχ āϞ’ā§°াāϜāύ āχāĻŽাāύ āĻāϜāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­াāĻļাāϞী āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻšৈ āωāĻ িāĻŦ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āφāύ āĻ•োāύো āύāĻšāϝ়, āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’ āĻĻা āĻ­িāĻž্āϚি।
Leonardo spent his early years with his grandparents in Vinci where he received only the basic education at an 'abacus school'.
āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’āχ āĻļৈāĻļā§ąā§° āĻ•াāϞāĻ›োā§ąা āĻ­িāĻž্āϚিāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ•āĻ•াāĻ•-āφāχāϤাāϕ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻ•āϟাāχāĻ›িāϞ āϝ’āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāĻ–āύ ‘āĻāĻŦাāĻ•াāϚ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ’āϤ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।
Primarily he was self-taught. Although he did not have much formal schooling, he learnt from experience and experiment.
āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽূāϞāϤঃ āϏ্āĻŦ-āĻļিāĻ•্āώিāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ। āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŦেāĻ›ি āφāύুāώ্āĻ াāύিāĻ• āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āύাāĻ›িāϞ, āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤা āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা-āύিā§°ীāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻļিāĻ•িāĻ›িāϞ।
Right from a young age, Leonardo loved animals and nature. He never ate meat. He bought caged birds and set them free.
āϏ⧰ুā§°ে āĻĒā§°াāχ āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’āχ āϜীā§ą-āϜāύ্āϤু āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻ­াāϞ āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻŽাংāϏ āĻ–োā§ąা āύাāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏঁāϜাāϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āϚ⧰াāχ āĻ•িāύি āφāύি āϏেāχāĻŦোā§°āĻ• āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰ি āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ।
When Leonardo was 15, his father Ser Piero da Vinci recognized his artistic abilities.
āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’ā§° āĻŦāϝ়āϏ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻŦāϛ⧰ āφāĻ›িāϞ, āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ• āϚেā§° āĻĒিāϝ়েā§°ো āĻĻা āĻ­িāĻž্āϚিāϝ়ে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻļৈāϞ্āĻĒিāĻ• āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āϚিāύি āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ।
Leonardo created a terrifying image of a dragon-like monster on a wooden shield. Piero was astonished to see it so real.
āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’āχ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ•াāĻ ā§° āĻĸাāϞāϤ āĻāϟা āĻĄ্ā§°েāĻ—āύ āϏāĻĻৃāĻļ āĻ­āϝ়ংāϕ⧰ āĻĻাāĻ¨ā§ąā§° āĻ›āĻŦি āφঁāĻ•িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻĒিāϝ়েā§°োā§ąে āĻāχāϟো āχāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąিāĻ• āĻĻেāĻ–ি āφāϚ⧰িāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।
Leonardo's father sent him to apprentice under a noted sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio of Florence.
āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’ā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻĢ্āϞ’ā§°েāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻāϜāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ­াāϏ্āϕ⧰ āφ⧰ু āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻĄেāϞ āĻ­েā§°োāϚিāĻ…’ā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰āϤ āĻļিāĻ•াā§°ু āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻĒāĻ িāϝ়াāχāĻ›িāϞ।
Later, Leonardo moved to Milan where he created one of his masterpieces 'The Last Supper'.
āĻĒিāĻ›āϞৈ āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’ āĻŽিāϞাāύāϞৈ āϝাāϝ় āϝ’āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āĻ•ৃāϤি ‘āĻĻ্āϝ āϞাāώ্āϟ āĻ›ুāĻĒাā§°’ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।
In Florence he painted another masterpiece 'Mona Lisa'. This portrait is famous for the mysterious smile of the lady.
āĻĢ্āϞ’ā§°েāύ্āϏāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āφāύ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āĻ•ৃāϤি ‘āĻŽোāύা āϞিāĻ›া’ āφঁāĻ•িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻāχ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ীā§° ā§°āĻšāϏ্āϝāĻŽāϝ় āĻšাঁāĻšিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ।
He was an anatomist, a scientist, an engineer, an inventor, a musician, and a cartographer.
āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāϜāύ āĻļā§°ীā§°āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ, āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύী, āĻ…āĻ­িāϝāύ্āϤা, āωāĻĻ্āĻ­াā§ąāĻ•, āϏংāĻ—ীāϤāϜ্āĻž āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāύāϚিāϤ্ā§°āϕ⧰ āφāĻ›িāϞ।
Leonardo dissected animals and human cadavers to find out their mechanism.
āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’āχ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻŽৃāϤāĻĻেāĻš āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϏেāχāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°āĻŖাāϞী āϜাāύিāĻŦāϞৈ।
Leonardo also designed machines like the bicycle, helicopter, submarine and the military tank.
āϞিāĻ…’āύাā§°্āĻĄ’āχ āϚাāχāĻ•েāϞ, āĻšেāϞিāĻ•āĻĒ্āϟাā§°, āϚাāĻŦāĻŽেā§°িāύ āφ⧰ু āϏাāĻŽā§°িāĻ• āϟেংāϕ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āϝāύ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āφ⧰্āĻšিāĻ“ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।
He died on May 2, 1519 at the age of 67.
ā§§ā§Ģ⧧⧝ āϚāύ⧰ ⧍ āĻŽে’āϤ ā§Ŧā§­ āĻŦāϛ⧰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻšāϝ়।

Word Notes & Idioms (āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϟোāĻ•া āφ⧰ু āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ)

Keep off  =  Stay away from. (āφঁāϤ⧰ি āĻĨāĻ•া।)

Bag and baggage  =  With all belongings. (āϏা-āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϤ্āϤিā§° āϏৈāϤে।)

Bed of roses  =  An easy or comfortable life. (āφ⧰াāĻŽāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ• āϜীā§ąāύ।)

Comprehension Questions and Answers

a) When was Leonardo da Vinci born?
Ans: Leonardo da Vinci was born on 15 April, 1452.
b) Where did Leonardo spend his early years?
Ans: He spent his early years with his grandparents in Vinci.
c) Under whom did Leonardo’s father send him to apprentice?
Ans: Leonardo’s father sent him to apprentice under Andrea del Verrocchio of Florence.
d) Name the two masterpieces of Leonardo.
Ans: The two masterpieces of Leonardo are The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.
e) What did Leonardo create on the shield?
Ans: He created a terrifying image of a dragon-like monster on the shield.
f) Who was Mona Lisa?
Ans: Mona Lisa was the wife of a rich merchant.
g) Where is the Mona Lisa preserved now?
Ans: The Mona Lisa is preserved at the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.
2. How do you know that Leonardo loved animals?
Ans: We know that Leonardo loved animals because he never ate meat and used to buy caged birds and set them free.
3. What did Leonardo do as an anatomist?
Ans: As an anatomist, Leonardo dissected animals and human cadavers to understand their internal structure and working.

Grammar & Activity (āĻŦ্āϝাāϕ⧰āĻŖ āφ⧰ু āĻ•াā§°্āϝāϏূāϚী)

1. Phrases (āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ)

A phrase is a group of words that does not make a complete sense. It does not have a finite verb. (āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻš’āϞ āĻāϟা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āϏāĻŽāώ্āϟি āϝাā§° āĻ•োāύো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āύাāĻĨাāĻ•ে।)

Sentence Identified Phrase
I saw an elephant with very long tusks.with very long tusks
She is a girl of sweet voice.of sweet voice
He spoke in a brave manner.in a brave manner
To win a prize...To win a prize in the competition

2. Clauses (āωāĻĒāĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ)

A clause is a shorter sentence within a bigger sentence. It must contain a finite verb. (āωāĻĒāĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻš’āϞ āĻāϟা āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ⧰ āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻāϟা āϏ⧰ু āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ।)

Sentence Identified Clause
Please give me the book which is on the table.which is on the table
They were talking when he came.when he came
I was absent because I was ill.because I was ill
I will not go out if it rains.if it rains

Subject-Verb Agreement (āϕ⧰্āϤা āφ⧰ু āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āϏংāĻ—āϤি)

1. The cattle are grazing in the pasture. (āĻ—ā§°ুāĻŦোā§°ে āϘাঁāĻšāύিāϤ āϚ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে।)
2. We bought some new furniture. (āφāĻŽি āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āύāϤুāύ āφāϚāĻŦাāĻŦ āĻ•িāύিāĻ›োঁ।)
3. Rice is an important crop in our country. (āϧাāύ āĻāϟা āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻļāϏ্āϝ।)
4. My spectacles are on the table. (āĻŽোā§° āϚāĻļāĻŽাāϝোā§° āĻŽেāϜ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāĻ›ে।)
5. The news was not true. (āĻŦাāϤ⧰িāϟো āϏঁāϚা āύাāĻ›িāϞ।)

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